From the perspective of stamping processing, to reduce costs, it is necessary to ensure the stability of production. However, there are many factors that can affect the stability of production, such as scratches, wrinkles and cracks. To address these factors, it is necessary to implement the surface treatment of the molds properly. This not only ensures the stability of production but also reduces production costs.
Physical surface treatment technology
1)High-frequency surface quenching. To ensure the stability of automobile production to a certain extent, this method can be reasonably applied. Mainly, the mold is placed in an alternating magnetic field, and through electromagnetic induction heating and rapid cooling, the surface of the workpiece acquires high hardness and wear resistance. In addition, under normal circumstances, the current frequency of alternating magnetic fields is relatively high, and the heat generated by the current can affect permeability. Therefore, using surface treatment technology during the mold processing will increase the hardness of the mold surface. Research shows that this surface treatment method can enhance the brittleness of the workpiece compared with previous techniques, and double the strength of the workpiece in the case of small-sized molds. In addition, by using this method, the hardness of the mold can also be controlled by temperature, which brings a certain promoting effect to the implementation of automated production.
2) Surface coating method: Compared with the high-frequency surface quenching method, this method is relatively simple in principle. It mainly involves adding a layer of material to the surface of the mold through coating technology. This method can directly attach high-quality materials to the mold without affecting the performance of the material. In addition, by rationally applying this type of surface treatment technology, the thickness of the coating can be precisely controlled, which not only will not affect the performance of the mold but also will increase the wear resistance of the material.
TD coating treatment technology
TD coating treatment technology is also known as thermal diffusion carbide coating treatment technology. The main operating principle of this technology is to place the workpiece in a molten borax mixture and apply it to the surface of the workpiece through high-temperature diffusion. This carbide coating can not only be a series of carbides but also composite carbides, among which the vanadium carbide coating is widely used. Research shows that forming a wear-resistant material with relatively high hardness on the surface of the workpiece can not only enhance the wear resistance of the workpiece to a certain extent, but also increase its service life.
PVD treatment technology
PVD treatment technology is an advanced surface treatment technique. It converts materials from solid to gaseous state through physical methods and then deposits them on the surface of the substrate in a vacuum environment to form a film with specific functions. This film can enhance the hardness of the material surface, ensuring not only wear resistance but also corrosion resistance. At present, the most frequently used ones include TiN, TiCN, AITIN, and WCC, etc. However, in the actual application process, the type of coating should be strictly selected according to the actual situation.
Although a reasonable selection of mold materials and the implementation of pre-treatment work can ensure that the adhesion of the coating on the mold surface complies with the specifications, the combination of PVD coating and mold surface is mechanical, which will affect the coating bonding effect. Due to the inherent limitations of the method itself, it is somewhat difficult for the die to meet the expected stamping frequency requirements in the case of bearing large loads and shear forces. In addition, in the home appliance industry, most manufacturers use single sets of molds. If the coating of the mold is damaged during the production process, it will to some extent hinder the production progress and also affect the production quality. For the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to comprehensively consider PVD coatings to ensure the effect of the coating.
Chromium plating treatment technology
Electroplating treatment technology mainly involves spreading a thin layer of metal on the surface of the metal. This not only prevents the metal from oxidizing but also improves the surface smoothness to a certain extent. In most cases, the base metal to be plated is generally used as the cathode and the coating metal as the anode. Through electrolysis, the cations of the metal in the solution deposit on the surface of the base metal, which ensures the treatment effect. In addition, in most cases, the electroplating of stamping dies mainly refers to hard chromium plating. This not only enhances the die's breaking strength but also improves its wear resistance.
PPD processing technology
The PPD treatment technology ionizes the process gas in a vacuum chamber. Under the action of an electromagnetic trap, it accelerates its movement towards the mold surface and diffuses into the interior, filling the voids in the microstructure of cast iron. This forms a dense compound layer (with a hardness of 65-72HRC) and an effective diffusion support layer on the mold surface, thereby enhancing the service life of the workpiece and the surface finish.
DLC processing technology
DLC surface treatment is a surface coating technology that forms a high-molecular carbon film on the surface of metals. DLC coatings can be produced through different processes such as ion plating and physical vapor deposition. Its main features include high coating hardness, strong wear resistance, good chemical stability, strong anti-corrosion ability, and excellent low friction and high surface gloss. It also has good weather resistance in both high and low temperature environments, which makes the coating widely used, especially in the mechanical and automotive industries.
Maintenance and upkeep of heavy alkali molds
The design of the mold directly affects its service life and is also very likely to be influenced by the effect of heat treatment. Not only that, to ensure the service life of the mold, regular maintenance of the mold should be emphasized. The following points should be noted:
1) During the preparation stage before the mold is used, surface inspection work should be implemented in place to lay a foundation for subsequent work. Especially for molds with guiding devices, the sliding condition should be inspected.
2) Regular maintenance of the press should be emphasized to ensure its performance. The preparation stage before use should be operated in accordance with the norms.
3) Ensure the surface is clean and tidy, and apply the lubricant evenly at the same time.
4) The mold should be installed in accordance with the procedures, and the clearance should be adjusted at the same time.
5) After the cutting edges of the punch and die are worn, they should be ground immediately to avoid rapid expansion of the wear depth of the cutting edges, which may affect the service life of the mold.
6) During the production process, it is essential to have backups of medium and small molds. This not only facilitates rotation but also ensures the smooth progress of production.
In conclusion, there are many types of surface strengthening treatment technologies for molds, but their application scopes are different. During the process of technology selection, it is necessary to strictly follow the technical requirements and economic factors to ensure the stability of production and economic benefits. In addition, it is necessary to analyze different surface strengthening treatment technologies, as their limitations and applicable scopes also vary. From an economic perspective, surface chromium plating has a relatively low cost and is suitable for use in ordinary molds. PPD treatment and DLC treatment are suitable for deep drawing dies with high requirements for wear resistance and service life, but they will consume a relatively high cost, so they should be used with caution.
